The American wind power industry emerged from 2018 stronger than ever and is now able to power 30 million homes after 8% capacity growth last year. The U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Report, Year Ending 2018 reveals that U.S. wind power supports a record 114,000 American jobs, over 500 domestic factories, and more than US$1 billion a year in revenue for states and communities that host wind farms.
Leaders of the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) announced the news at the Greater Houston Partnership, the chamber of commerce for the nation’s energy capitol. Wind power is big business for Texas, which ranked first for installed wind power capacity and wind jobs last year. In Texas and across the nation, Fortune 500 brands and utilities purchased a record amount of new wind energy last year through long-term contracts, contributing to a record pipeline of wind capacity under construction or advanced stages of development.
“Wind power’s record-breaking year shows our industry is leading the way to a cleaner, stronger 21st century U.S. economy,” said Tom Kiernan, CEO of the AWEA. “America’s least expensive source of new electricity generation is also clean and inexhaustible, which gives our economy an edge in the global marketplace. We’re proud to report the wind industry employs a record number of Americans, supports a robust domestic manufacturing sector with over 500 factories, and contributes over a billion dollars a year to states and rural communities.”
Texas leads the way
There are wind farms or factories supplying the industry in all 50 states of the United States, but no state exemplifies these trends better than Texas. The Lone Star State is home to roughly a quarter of the U.S. wind power capacity. If Texas were a country, it would rank fifth in the world for wind power capacity with nearly 25,000 MW installed. With nearly 7,000 MW of additional wind projects under construction or in advanced stages of development at the end of 2018, Texas is adding more wind power capacity than all but two other states currently have installed.
More than 25,000 Texans work in the wind industry. The state also leads in investment in the industry. Wind farms in Texas have drawn over US$46 billion in total capital investment and pay approximately US$307 million each year in landowner payments plus state and local taxes.
“Texas continues to lead the nation, with hard work and ingenuity, in harnessing this great American renewable energy resource, literally out of thin air,” Kiernan said. “Texas has a long and storied history of energy production and as the report demonstrates, wind is an important part of the state’s energy success story. In many ways, the Texas wind story is the story of American wind power.”
Wind supports development in rural America
Wind farms pay US$1.05 billion a year through state and local taxes plus lease payments to landowners, which presents the most complete picture yet of the value wind farms generate for rural communities. To arrive at US$1 billion, the AWEA quantified the never-before reported US$761 million a year paid by wind farms in state and local taxes that help communities improve their school systems, fix roads and fund emergency services. An additional US$289 million a year in wind farm land lease payments serve as valuable drought-proof source of cash for American farmers and ranchers. Most of these revenues go to rural areas, where 99% of America’s wind generating capacity can be found.
“Communities across Texas and the nation feel the benefits delivered by wind power,” Kiernan said. “Wind farm revenue enabled Blackwell Consolidated Independent School District, located near Abilene, Texas, to construct a new building, buy new technology, and provide scholarships worth US$36,000 to students attending 1st through 12th grades. And that’s just one of the more than 100 districts in Texas that have seen the benefits of wind power in their community.”
Wind power is contributing to a boom in American renewable energy jobs: the second fastest growing job in the United States after solar installer is that of the wind turbine service technician, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The United States has added 8,500 wind power jobs in 2018, including well-paying jobs in wind turbine service, construction, engineering, and manufacturing. Veterans are hired for many of these jobs, at a rate that is 67% higher than the national average, because America’s service members have the skills needed to operate rugged machinery in the field under tough conditions to keep energy reliably flowing to homes and businesses. There are also 24,000 manufacturing jobs found at over 500 U.S. factories supplying the wind industry.
Record demand from Fortune 500 brands, cities and universities
Demand for American wind power is greater than ever before. In 2018, non-utility buyers, including Fortune 500 brands, cities, and universities signed long-term contracts for a total of 4,203 MW — a 66% increase on the previous record set in 2015. To put that in perspective, cumulative non-utility wind purchases now exceed 11,300 MW, more than all the wind farms built to date in Iowa, America’s number two state in wind power. Utilities also contracted over 4,300 MW of wind power in 2018 — seeking consumer savings by adding the low cost, reliable resource to their generation mix.
Texas is the nexus for non-utility demand for wind power. Thirty-eight companies have purchased or committed to buy 4,900 MW of wind energy in Texas, including Fortune 500 brands like AT&T, Budweiser, Walmart, ExxonMobil, and Shell Energy.
The stable price of wind power protects against future fuel price spikes, which aids long-term business planning. The cost of wind has fallen by more than two-thirds since 2009, and wind is now the least expensive source for new electricity generation. Strong consumer demand is another incentive. According to a recent Yale poll, a majority of Americans say they are more likely to buy goods and services from companies that have committed to using 100% clean, renewable energy, compared with just 5% who say they are less likely to buy from such companies.
Capacity and generation reached new peaks in 2018
U.S. wind power capacity increased to 96,433 MW of cumulative installed wind capacity in 2018 — more than double the capacity the United States had in 2010. Wind projects installed in 2018 alone represent more than US$12 billion in new private investment.
Wind energy now reliably delivers over 20% of the electricity produced in six states: Kansas, Iowa, Oklahoma, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Maine. In 2018, wind turbines generated 6.5% of all the electricity delivered to American consumers.
Looking ahead, the wind industry has a record amount of generation set to come on line in the near future with 35,135 MW of wind power capacity either under construction or in advanced development across 31 states. Upon completion of these construction projects, the United States will have enough installed wind capacity to power 42 million homes.
America’s offshore wind sector is also poised to rapidly scale up from a single, 30-MW project currently installed to six offshore wind projects totaling 2,101 MW that project developers expect to be operational by 2023. Improving project economics and robust state policies led to a surge in offshore wind activity in 2018. At the end of the year, project developers had a potential offshore wind pipeline of over 25,500 MW.
